CAR OCCUPANT SAFETY IN FRONTAL CRASHES: A PARAMETER STUDY OF VEHICLE MASS, IMPACT SPEED, AND INHERENT VEHICLE PROTECTION.

Auteur(s)
BUZEMAN, D.G. VIANO, D.C. & LOEVSUND, P.
Jaar
Samenvatting

A new mathematical model was developed to estimate average injury and fatality rates in frontal car-to-car crashes for changes in vehicle fleet mass, impact speed distribution, and inherent vehicle protection. The estimates were calculated from injury/fatality risk data, delta-V distribution and collision probability of two vehicles, where delta-V depends on impact speed and mass of the colliding vehicles. The impact speed distribution was assumed to be unaffected by a change in fleet mass distribution. The results showed that safety in frontal crashes would improve 27-35% by a 10% increase in fatality risk parameters, which reflected substantial improvement in inherent vehicle protection. A 40% safety improvement was attained by a 10% impact speed reduction. Consequences of vehicle fleet mass were not as strong, but depended on the average mass ratio of the fleet. A reduction in mass range would be the most beneficial, while a uniform mass reduction of 20% would increase the fatality rate by 5.4%. The model estimates trends in traffic safety and may help to identify priorities in active and passive safety. (Author/publisher).

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Publicatie

Bibliotheeknummer
I 492212 IRRD 9811 /91 /
Uitgave

ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION. 1998 /11. 30(6) PP713-722

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