The case for creating seamless European toll services.

Europe launched wireless communication standards for tolling in 1997. During the 1990s, tolling became a viable means to finance increasing road infrastructure costs as trade increased between the European countries. Manyformulated visions for pas European interoperability where users subject to tolls could enjoy a seamless service or 'one tag one contract'. However, a decade later, a seamless toll service operating across Europe remains a utopia. Only national schemes and the Scandinavian NorITS offer seamlessservices between different toll charging domains. The challenges preventing standardization are described. These include different technology standards in different countries, differences in national toll enforcement legislation, the costs of standardization, international dispute management and financing.