This paper begins with a brief discussion of some impediments to evaluation. Two cases, which are considered good examples of scientific evaluations in the short-term, area-wide category are presented next. Both use speed reduction as an intermediate measure. A number of issues, relating to speed reduction as a criterion of safety, the use of observations, measurement of public awareness and the transferability of results are discussed. A multiple countermeasure program which is underway is described. The potential for developing causal factors, such as unsafe driving acts, as surrogate measures is presented. The paper concludes with a call for developing, and exploring the use of exposure measures. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD abstract no 264967.
Samenvatting