Many challenges are associated with the increasing level of energy consumption and the environmental damage caused. At the local level, there is noise and air pollution while at the global level there are problems associated with acid rain, ozone layer depletion and the greenhouse effects. The transport sector is a major contributor in both cases. The use of appropriate decision-making tools is required to assist in assessing alternative transport policies. One such tool is the Total Emissions Model for Integrated Systems (TEMIS) program, developed at the Institute of Applied Ecology, Darmstadt. The transport sector initially only received cursory treatment in TEMIS. In particular, the modelling of transport end-use processes was insensitive to traffic management measures and consequently insensitive to the effects of changes in traffic on fuel consumption and emissions. An enhanced version of TEMIS has subsequently been used to examine different transport scenarios in order to improve future fuel economy. This paper explores alternative transport policy scenarios in the context of air emissions (including greenhouse gases) looking at two independent case-studies in the city of Newcastle upon Tyne (UK). First, the effects of improvements in fuel emissions in the city of Newcastle upon Tyne; second, the effects of different access management strategies for the proposed Inner Distributor Road. (Author/publisher).
Samenvatting