This chapter provides a perspective on the development of the application of artificial intelligence to traffic and transport, based on an overview of over 1000 items of the literature. Originally prepared for the European Communities' DRIVE project on the Applicability of Artificial Intelligene to Traffic and Transport (ATTAIN), it has been updated to reflect the considerable growth in the literature since. Its scope covers all aspects of artifical intelligence, and all fields of transport. Sources covered work in Europe, USA, Canada, Australia and Japan. Few systems are reported to have been validated and to have entered into operational use. Knowledge based systems are the dominant type of system, with use of expert system shells particularly prevalent in the USA and Canada, especially for highways related work. Use of neural networks is growing fast, and now accounts for 13 percent of the literature overall; some use of genetic algorithms is reported. (A)
Samenvatting