European countries such as France have developed national systems for electronic toll collection to replace local systems. The basic technology is a microwave technology called 'Dedicated Short Range Communications'. At European level, there are three DSRC technologies: the national Italian technology TELEPASS, the French national system LIVER T and the Norwegian system AUTOPASS. During the 1990s, the European Commission tried to encourage the European countries to work on common standards. New requirements for electronic fee collection have been affected by three factors: the use of tolls shifting from the financing of infrastructure towards a policy for traffic management; proposals to levy fees on road transport; and the market for interoperability. The European Commission has decided to propose a Directive to provide a solution for the interoperability problem. The proposed GALILEO service is discussed.
Samenvatting