Stampede accidents usually take place in crowding areas of transfer stations, sport stadiums, shopping malls, religious places, etc. To assess the risk of stampede accident for pedestrian crowd in these locations is crucial to avoid catastrophes. One of the reasons which can cause stampede is that people do not have enough distance to stop themselves when there are emergencies. As vehicles, pedestrians also need stopping distance when theywant to stop from a certain speed, especially in a sudden situation without any previous notice. People who could not stop in time crush into or step upon other people, and this would be the beginning of stampede accidents. So research on the relationship between distance needing to stop and walking speed is useful for assess the risk of a pedestrian flow. This is why the author carried out the experiment to measure different stopping distance with different walking speed. With the analysis of worldwide stampedeaccidents, this contribution reveals the necessary of this research. Thenthis paper summarizes the experimental researches during the past century. In following sections, this paper describes the experimental design, including variables definition, measurement set-up, experiment processing. The data collection and relationship models' building are presented, as wellas some preliminary results. In the end, the application of this relationship of stopping distance and walking speed will be introduced.
Samenvatting