Measuring the abilities of individuals to identify potentially dangerous traffic situations has been a recent focus of road safety research. Measures of hazard perception have been found to succesfully distinguish between novice and experienced drivers. As a result of this research, hazard perception tests (HPTs) have recently been implemented in efforts to identify potentially unsafe novice drivers, before they receive their licenses. However, there are a number of factor which can influence the sensory and cognitive components of hazard perception. Initially, this literature review explores some of these factors for their salience of HPTs. Recent advances in simulation technology, such as in computer-based video techniques, permit a high degree of fidelity in hazard portrayal, but there are some possible disadvantages for computer-based HPTs when used in licensing procedures. Early results of PHT trials have been encouraging. Yet, principally due to the many influential variables, much still needs to be done to validate HPTs as an effective counter-measure. If HPTs are to be implemented as part of a pre-licensing procedure, it is recommended that this be done later rather than earlier in that phase. However, other possible licensing applications such as the assessment of disabled drivers also deserve investigation. (a)
Samenvatting