In Germany, methadone is increasingly being used as a substitute for heroin when treating heroin addiction. This paper considers the effects of methadone treatment on driving performance. The present state of research on the effects of methadone is unfortunately unsatisfactory. The authors consider that the decisive factors are the structure and conditions of the methadone programme, and the behaviour of individual participants. Participants require regular psychological and social counselling, especially in the early stages of treatment; they should have easy access to professional help if there is threat of a relapse. Personal suitability is a relevant factor in predicting relapse probability. Consistent assessment criteria must be used to define a positive assessment of suitability to drive. The authors suggest that, when an individual is assessed positively, he should be issued with a driving licence subject to fulfilling certain strict conditions. The individual should be informed of the consequences of failing to satisfy those conditions. This procedure should encourage abstinence and address public safety requirements.
Samenvatting