The author identifies the most common categories of behaviour leading up to accidents: a) speed, b) driver state, c) overtaking manoevers, d) not yielding when indicated, and e) following distance. It is suggested that most behavioural requirements are specified in negative terms. To modify behaviour the desired behaviour must be specified first. Behaviour does not occur without a context. Contexts are identified in which behaviour occurs and in which alterations are to be made. These contexts include a) the physical environment, b) the cognitive basis, c) motivational aspects, d) the socio-cultural context and e) law and law enforcement. How each can be used to modify behaviour is considered. The roles of feedback and prompts and punishment and reward schemes in encouraging desired behaviour are discussed.
Samenvatting