This paper reports the results of a study undertaken to examine the predictive utility of deterrence theory in explaining unlicensed driving behaviour. The dependent variables in the study were the reported frequency of unlicensed driving and the offenders’ intention to drive unlicensed in the future. The findings provide minimal support for classical deterrence theory. In contrast, more support was found for an expanded model of deterrence that included the construct of punishment avoidance. Over and above this, the prediction of both dependent variables was significantly improved by the inclusion of various psychosocial variables drawn from social learning theory including: exposure to models who drive while unlicensed and hold positive attitudes to the behaviour; personal attitudes to unlicensed driving and alternative behaviours; and the perceived rewards and punishments associated with the behaviour. (Author/publisher) For the covering entry of this conference, please see ITRD abstract no. E211985.
Samenvatting