Integration of the human factors literature on rear-end crash causation with that of rear signalling and lighting, yields a conceptual categorization of potential advances. This paper addresses methodological human factors questions on how to strike a balance between minimizing nuisance signals and maximizing effective signals. Scenarios, characterized by vehicle motion, the driver's actions and/or the environment are discussed: (I) Braking at low speed or stationary; (II) Decelerating with no braking; (III) Sudden accelerator pedal release; (IV) Anti-lock braking system automatic activation; and (V) braking at any speed. For each scenario, human factors issues imply potential signals and functions. The paper helps in setting the foundation for an extensive evaluation programme of advanced rear signalling and lighting systems. (A)
Samenvatting