Electric Vehicles (EVs) are a promising technology for reducing the environmental impacts of transport. To acquire an overview of the possible impacts of the introduction of EVs in the EU, DG CLIMA commissioned CE Delft, ICF and Ecologic to study the status and prospects of EV technology, the potential market uptake of EVs and their likely impacts. This study focuses on passenger cars and light commercial vehicles and covers the various types of EV: full electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid EVs and EVs with range extenders. It includes an assessment of impacts on both the transport and electricity sector. This report is the final deliverable of the study and covers the assessment of impacts of EVs and policy considerations. The assessment was made for three scenarios with different assumptions on EV and conventional car developments and one Reference Scenario: * Scenario 1 reflects the most likely developments; it assumes about 3 million EVs in the EU in 2020, rapidly increasing to 50 million in 2030. * Scenario 2 assumes a technology breakthrough for internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEV) and relatively pessimistic EV developments and costs, resulting in only 2 million EVs in 2020 and 20 million in 2030. * Scenario 3 is an EV breakthrough scenario assuming rapid EV technology development and cost decrease, resulting in almost 6 million EVs in 2020 and 93 million in 2030. * The Reference Scenario can be regarded as the most pessimistic EV scenario, as it does not include any EVs until 2030. (Author/publisher) This report may be accessed by Internet users at http://www.ce.nl/
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