A slightly different version of this study is published in "Policy, Planning and Sustainability. Proceedings of Seminars C and D held at PTRC European Transport Forum, Brunel University, 1-5 September 1997", Volume P413, 1997/09, p. 173-182 (see IRRD 898942). The constitution of the built environment and transport structure in cities are among other things determined by development control, ie who holds the control/power over the physical urban development, how the proportions between public and private influences in the planning and development are and how the control/power is carried out. Today the power over the urban space is primarily in the hands of public authorities through physical planning based on rules and regulations and planning ideals with varying influence from different public and private interests. The results clearly indicate that in cities with a mainly private influence over the urban development, a comprehensive view in the planning is lacking and the co-ordination between land use and transport planning is defective. These cities have an overall low density, a dispersed centre structure and a transport system based on car traffic. When public interests control the urban development generally, there is a better comprehensive view of the city. The development of the built environment and transport system is regulated which results in a more structured localisation pattern. The density is higher and the transport system consists of several transport modes. A pivotal question touches upon the optimum balance between public and private involvement in the urban planning and development process. The French title of the paper is: L'influence du contrôle du développement sur le transport urbain et l'environnement bâti".
Samenvatting