Within the research project "measures to reduce tramway accidents" reliable scientific conclusions regarding tramway- and road infrastructure could be set up based on data of more than 4.000 tramway-accidents recorded by the police on common standard. There were essentially combined two methodological approaches: On the one hand evaluations on statistical analysis (macroscopic analysis) were carried out for 58 German cities with tramway networks. The input data were data of accidents with personal injuries related on three years complemented by acquired data concerning road space e.g. characteristic of junctions, cross sections and tram stops. As a result, numerous diagrams were created and get explained. The statistical distributions of the accident-characteristics and infrastructure-characteristics point out relationships and special priorities of action according to different transport infrastructure and types of road use significant from the beginning of the preliminary planning up to possibilities for change during the operating. For defined types of cross sections and road space designs an in-depth study of networks of five German cities get part of the research project. Finally differentiated length-related accident figures and structural differences depending on different types of cross sections and road space designs were figured out. On the other hand 32 conspicuous accident concentrations, deepened on the basis of on-site inspections were analysed (microscopic analysis). Based on procedures of road safety audits deficits of junctions and cross sections were recorded. Characteristic deficits could be set up by types of infrastructure useful in the planning and evaluation of tramway systems. In addition to specific recommendations for tramway infrastructure a checklist based on the "Recommendations for road safety audits" get expanded. These check list reflects typical safety deficits of tramway infrastructure. Therewith it is possible to carry out road safety evaluations of tramway facilities in the planning and operation of tramway transport infrastructure. (Author/publisher)
Samenvatting