This chapter describes how, just as measurement is the basis of all science, accurate and precise measurement is crucial in the evaluation of environmental factors in order to determine if they have contributed to a pedestrian's fall. This chapter considers different methods of measuring these factors. Falls cause a tremendous number of injuries and are the leading cause of accidental death for older citizens. The financial effects are phenomenal. In the United States, in 1990, falls cost more than $50 billion. The number of fall injuries was second only to those suffered in automobile accidents. Falls not only have a devastating effect on the injured person and that person's family, but they also cam result in expensive lawsuits. Because of this, forensic ergonomists are often asked to investigate the circumstances surrounding a fall. In order to do this adequately requires taking accurate measurements and comparing with them relevant legal codes and standards that have a basis in ergonomic research.
Samenvatting