The presented study analysed jointly, drivers' behaviour, driving offences control and repression, and road accidents; three transportation research areas, usually subjects of separate analyses. This transversal analysis is mainly supported by three co-ordinated sample surveys. In each survey, offences are seen as modalities characterising the three areas and their actors, according to their peculiar aims: trip (motorists), observations, control and accidents reporting (law enforcement). The aim of this transversal assessment consists in working out analysis categories, which describe mutual dependencies between the three research fields. This work uses rule and offence as common criteria (to the three areas), representing the central operator of regulatory action, as well as common modalities of areas describing variables (space-time and socio-demographic variables). Data was put together in a pilot database, called EVICA (French acronym for Relationship Assessment between Driving Offences, Behaviours, and Accidents). This database allows to superpose speed distributions or breath alcohol rate distributions from an area over an other. A first type of analysis has dealt with system functioning around regulatory thresholds (alcohol and speed). Drivers' behaviour (global average rate of respect/non respect) are simultaneously studied with law enforcement practising (control frequency, tolerance margin). EVICA database allows the study of variations of these criteria according to hours and road network infrastructures. (A)
Samenvatting