This report describes international developments and policies to obtain a reduction of noise pollution and emissions caused by urban traffic, and an improvement of fuel efficiency. The developments and policies are presented in four subjects: transport-systems, conveyances, drive-systems and energy barriers. Extensive attention has been paid to the possibilities of alternative fuels and electric vehicles for urban traffic. The purpose of this report was to make a contribution to a supporting programme of the NOVEM (Netherlands agency for energy and the environment). The subject of this programme is a study of the possibilities for a reduction of noise pollution, emissions and fuel consumption by urban traffic. This report is solely based on literature and knowledge that is available at NOVEM and ECN (Netherlands Energy Research Foundation).
Samenvatting