Until now no scientific analysis of accident factors has been made, which could justify the implementation of graduated licensing models. Furthermore, research on the effectiveness of graduated driving license regulations, which have been already introduced [et. esp. Mayhew and Simpson, 1984, and Mayhew and Simpson, 1989], showed that the respective models in most cases have not been successful. But graduated licensing schemes for motorcycle riders are still in discussion (Canada) or even implemented (Austria). In the Federal Republic of Germany a graduated licensing model for motorcycle riders became legal in 1986 for 18-and 19-year old motorcycle riders and in 1988 for all motorcycle beginners, against the advice of an expert commission which was summoned by the German Federal Transport Ministry. The contributors of this volume examined whether the implementation of the graduated licensing model had positive effects on the accident situation of newly licensed motorcycle riders (Koch). Furthermore they analysed - by reviewing the influencing factors both separately and in relation to each other - whether the implicit hypotheses are correct (Schulz, Schulz/Hagstotz, Koch/Hagstotz). The paper by Koch/Schulz, placed at the beginning of this volume for reasons of better comprehensibility, provides a concise summary of all results as well as general possible consequences. Based on this research work the lfZ developed a licensing model on its own and introduced it for a political discussion. This model assumes that the graduated licensing scheme is not an appropriate measure in order to decrease the accident risk of newly licensed motorcycle riders, as the engine performance does not influence the accident risk. This licensing model provides training and licensing procedures similar to the high standards of the unlimited licensing class 1 in order to prevent safety deficits. It sticks to the restriction of engine performance for 18 and 19 year old newly licensed riders for a limited time, as this group is affected by a particularly high exposure to risks. Older applicants for motorcycle licenses will not be affected by this regulation, they are allowed to apply directly for the unlimited motorcycle riding license. The proposition of the lfZ, based on sound scientific research, is thought to be an appropriate model for an alignment of different European legal regulations, a goal which is pursued by the responsible commission of the European Community. (Author/publisher)
Samenvatting