Parking policy : trends throughout time. In relation to the policy of the national government one can distinguish three periods of parking policy; demand-following policy, steering policy and integrated policy. Until the beginning of the ‘70s of the last century the demand- following policy aimed at foreseeing sufficient parking for its demand. As reaction to the negative effects as result of a rapidly growing car-use the national government in the Netherlands chose a more steering parking policy. In 1976 the first national transport plan (SVV I) states that no longer the demand for parking is leading parking policies, but the overall functioning of the urban traffic system. National policies intensify by creating more laws and by trying to influence the modal split by decreasing the growth of car use and in favour of public transport in urban areas. Especially the second national transport plan (SVV II) in 1988 resulted in more concrete and tight measures. Nowadays mobility management is seen as the coordinating policy field for influencing the demand of urban traffic, including parking policy. Today we have arrived in the period of integrated parking policy; parking is seen as one aspect of overall urban policy making. This paper shows the above-mentioned development, including the relevant roles of different layers of government, and deals with a few mentioned hypotheses in relation to a few themes. (Author/publisher)
Samenvatting