This paper presents the results of an investigation of possible reasons for different rates of accident involvement observed in drivers of different ages and experience. Two studies were conducted, using both quantitative and qualitative methods. The first study consisted of 439 drivers of different ages and sexes, each of whom drove a car round a 40 km route. They also completed a driving diary of all journeys during a week, and answered a detailed questionnaire about many aspects of their driving, attitudes, etc. The second study consisted of two groups of 'extremely safe' and 'extremely unsafe' drivers, whose characteristics were observed through home interviews where the drivers were assured of anonymity. Some specific remarks from drivers' responses are quoted and assessed. Both studies showed that, rather than viewing young drivers in general as less safe, it may be more correct to identify a subset of 'unsafe' young drivers. Not all young drivers are 'unsafe' or have accidents. The qualitative approach used encouraged the young drivers to participate more 'actively' in the research process. The authors recommend a systematic long-term road safety education programme, starting at a very early age, which would help to develop appropriate understanding of driving and to mould attitude and behaviour over time.
Samenvatting