In 1999 in France, before considering changes in the drug legislation, the French Government had wished to obtain reliable epidemiological evaluations, especially on the role of cannabis in the occurrence of road crashes. Systematic screening of illicit drugs was hence made compulsory in France, from October 2001 to September 2003, for drivers involved in fatal road crashes. This is the basis of the so-called SAM (illicit drugs and fatal crashes) data and study. A first analysis based on the responsibility approach including all drivers has already been conducted and published (Laumon et al. 2005). The prevalence of alcohol, cannabis, amphetamines, cocaine and opiates among non responsible drivers has been established and an extrapolation to the driving population has already been done. Here within the DRUID project, we propose to estimate the prevalence of these substances among all drivers involved in fatal road crashes, and to detail the different prevalences according to road user type, age and sex. In brief, the aims of this study are: - to evaluate the prevalence of drivers under the influence of alcohol and the main illicit psychoactive substances (according to different thresholds), for all drivers involved in fatal road crashes in France, for responsible drivers and for non responsible ones - to evaluate the prevalence of theses substances in the driving population - to evaluate the prevalence according to road user type, age and sex. (Author/publisher) This document is available at https://www.bast.de/Druid/EN/Home/home_node.html
Samenvatting