The frontal impact directive (96/79/EC) and the EuroNCAP tests are based on a correctly seated 50th percentile dummy and only assess performance at two discrete impact speeds. Therefore, protection for occupants who are very different to the 50th percentile, or adopt postures significantly different to the 'standard' position, may be substantially inferior. Previous research conducted by TRL has shown that benefits can be achieved through the use of adaptive restraint systems, which optimise the response of the restraint system according to the specific characteristics of both the occupant and the impact. The PRISM project identified common European driving postures and the frequency of 'out of position' occupants. This data has been used in MADYMO modelling activities to assess the performance of the restraint system and to investigate the performance of modified restraint systems. Accident data has also been analysed to define the most frequently occurring injury types which result in serious or fatal injury. This regulatory impact assessment shows that the two options which provide the greatest potential benefit are smart restraint systems designed to mitigate driver and passenger chest injury. Respectively these options are estimated to give a financial benefit of £197.1m and £193.9m per annum, based on the benefits identified with the systems developed in the PRISM project. A third injury type which was found to have the potential for considerable financial savings was the reduction of femur injuries. The implementation of these smart restraint systems should be encouraged and several methods of achieving this have been described in this RIA. (Author/publisher)
Samenvatting