Public transportation line positions and headways for minimum cost.

The basic elements which must be determined in planning public transportation service in an area are positions of lines, headways and number of vehicles. The general trade-off in this planning is between the cost of service to the operator and the cost of travel to users. This study presents a method for deriving the line positions, headways and fleet size which minimize the total system and users costs. The study analyzes a rectangular urban area from which passengers travel to and from the CBD.