This report documents a study to provide information on recent advances in road pricing practice, both nationally and internationally. With the availability of new technologies the most rapidly changing aspect of road pricing, a significant proportion of the report is dedicated to this issue. Where possible, reference is also made to the emerging sociological, political, economic and environmental impacts of road pricing. While the term 'road pricing' could encompass all aspects of road funding and investment, this report only covers in detail direct road tolling applications. Within this context, the practical issues of road infrastructure funding models, system interoperability, personal privacy, equity and environmental impacts are all considered. The research is complemented by summaries of over twenty recent road pricing trials and implementations from around the world. (Author/publisher)
Samenvatting