The primary objective of this study is to explore the red-light running behavior of delivery-service e-cyclists, including differences with regular eE-cyclists and influencing factors. A total of 2173 e-cyclists in Shanghai were observed, with a mix of 51.8% regular e-cyclists and 48.2% delivery-service e-cyclists. Survival analysis was used to establish the model to resolve the issue of censored data of the waiting time of e-cyclists at an intersection. The Kaplan–Meier estimator was adopted to examine the significance of the difference between regular e-cyclists and delivery-service e-cyclists on red-light running behavior. A Cox proportional hazards model with six potential influencing factors was developed to estimate the red-light running probability of delivery-service e-cyclists. Results of the study show that the violation rate of the red-light running behavior is almost 40% higher for delivery-service e-cyclists when compared to that for regular e-cyclists. The results show four factors that increase the hazard rate of red-light violation for delivery-service e-cyclists: being male, visual search (i.e., head movement), waiting beyond the stop line, and existence of red-light running of other (e-)cyclists. Additionally, they show one factor decreases the hazard rate of red-light violation: group size. The study concludes that waiting position, violation of the law by other cyclists, and group size play an important role in red-right running behavior. The hazard rates of running red-light by delivery-service e-cyclists increased by 62% and 33% when they wait near motorized lanes and when other individuals violate traffic rules, respectively. The hazard rates reduced by 50% when there are more than five waiting cyclists. (Author/publisher)
Samenvatting