Driver error is estimated to cause about half of all traffic accidents in Arizona and the United States. To understand driver error and related remedies, this reference document provides results from a literature review, a survey of state agencies, and a number of case studies to identify innovative and effective remedies for driver error as well as factors affecting their success. The literature review outlines the different types of driver error and contributing factors as well as the effects of risk homeostasis and motivation. The literature review also provides information on a range of education, enforcement, and engineering measures used to reduce the frequency of these errors and address the perceived costs or risks associated with different driver behaviors. A survey of state practices highlights effective strategies such as targeted campaigns integrating education and enforcement, as well as low cost, preventative engineering solutions such as rumble strips and improved signage and pavement markings. More detailed descriptions of strategies are also provided in five best practice case studies from around the United States. Literature, survey, and case study information provide a number of lessons regarding the features of a successful program of remedies for driver error. (Author/publisher)
Samenvatting