This report is the D3 deliverable of the PISa project which is associated with Work package 2: User needs and requirements — Task 2.1.2: Literature review. In developing an integrated safety system (ISS) for powered two wheelers (PTW) it is important that it is ‘needs-driven’ in terms of: • What accident scenarios need to be addressed, • What technologies best meet these needs and • What rider/driver factors need to be considered in relation to the above two aspects to ensure an optimal solution. The first point above is addressed in the D2 deliverable report: Powered two wheeler Integrated Safety (PISa): Review of current PTW accident data. The second and third points are addressed within this document as it contains a discussion of potentially suitable technologies for application to a PTW ISS as well as an overview of the relevant rider/driver factors. More specifically: • Sections 1-4 provide the background to the PISa project and the context of the literature review. • Section 5 identifies existing motorcycle technologies which may have a role to play within an ISS and also technologies from four-wheeled vehicles which may be at least conceptually, if not technologically, transferable. • Section 6 discusses pertinent rider/driver issues such as age, gender, behaviour, vehicle usage, etc. and provides guidance on interface design in terms of cognitive psychology theories and Human-Machine Interface (HMI) standards and best practice. • Section 7 relates to gender issues associated with the project and reports this in connection with: PTW type, PTW usage, accident involvement, injury severity and trends/forecasts. For ease in reading the document, each of the above sections is preceded by a summary which together act as sign-posts to key information within the report. The remainder of each of these sections contains the detailed information obtained from various sources which is collated under pertinent headings. The conclusions section (Section 8) summarises the findings of the technologies and rider/driver issues sections and illustrates how the information may be applied in the context of the PISa project. A tabulated summary of this, for easy reference within future work packages of the project, is provided in Section 9. The authors would like to acknowledge the contributions provided be the partners of the PISa Consortium. (Author/publisher)
Samenvatting