This report outlines the several methods used in the united kingdom for lining tunnels and gives brief details of some of the more recent tunnels constructed with each form of lining. The different methods available for lining tunnels are discussed taking into account the tunnel usage and the ground conditions. Methods of waterproofing tunnels, use of secondary linings and cost data are included. The approximate annual length and volume of tunnels constructed for the period 1970-76 are given, broken down into different types of lining and tunnel usage. The instrumentation of tunnel linings and of ground movements during the construction of tunnels have been examined and the design methods are discussed. Recommendations are given for research and development of tunnel linings. (Author/publisher)
Samenvatting