The European Union has set the aim of cutting the 2010 figure for road fatalities by half within 10 years. The number of road fatalities has already been reduced considerably in the past decades. There is no obvious single cause for this reduction in traffic fatalities. More likely it is the combined effect resulting from the efforts of many active partners (e.g. road planers, road and infrastructure construction, emergency medical services, lawmakers, vehicle manufacturers). Currently a technical revolution is taking place in vehicle safety as electronic systems for active safety are incorporated into the vehicles: The prime aim of active safety systems is accident avoidance. Thus, in addition to the passive safety–the reduction of the accident severity for the occupants–accidents will be avoided or at least reduced in their severity. ESC (Electronic Stability Control) is the active system whose effectiveness was predicted early in the product cycle and is validated by accident data by now. Similar leaps in vehicle safety with accident avoidance and consecutive reduction in accident victims will be expected from new active systems. This deliverable 5.7 from the DaCoTa project should provide information and guidelines for development of new test procedures. There exist three categories of “test procedures”: a) Tests for checking the function of the system. These Tests cover the validation, if the system does what it has to do, and how effective it works. For this reason tests have to represent the accidents which the system addresses. b) Tests for checking of the functional safety of the system e.g. as demanded by ISO 26262. c) A specific driver assistance systems (ADAS) should be the response on a given road safety problem. Usually there are several technological possibilities for solving a given problem and hence different implementations of systems addressing the same functionality will be found in the market. Consequently it is of some interest to rank these different solutions. In this document guidelines for test procedures of category (a) are in the primary focus and first hints to (c) are given. It is not the purpose of this deliverable to define the test procedures themself. For test procedure development many facts have to be collected and analysis have to be done depending on the functionality of the ADAS tested. In particular, test procedures for advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) should be developed that appraise their effectiveness in addition to the functional tests of the systems. There also several points of regarding the aspect of the test procedure like accidentology, regulations, consumer organisations, financial constraints, lobby groups, etc. The decision was to focus on accident research point of view in this deliverable. (Author/publisher)
Samenvatting