Samenvatting
Almost all urban regions in the US face the twin evils of traffic congestion and transport-related air pollution. While cleaner fuels and engines can reduce air pollution, they do not reduce emissions enough to meet environmental objectives, and they do nothing to reduce congestion. Pricing measures are not yet widely accepted. Measures directed at improving alternatives to single-occupancy vehicles, reducing the demand for travel, or creating disincentives to car use have become important policy options. These are referred to as transport control measures. This paper describes them, discusses their relative merits, and addresses the issues surrounding quantification of their effectiveness. (Author/publisher).