Samenvatting
The present environment for smart cards in transport is examined and the future applications are discussed. The need for interoperability between those who issue cards, those who put applications onto the cards, those who sell tickets and those who accept tickets is considered. The need for an industry standard that expands existing card standards to the application level and provides a standard for data transfer in a secure environment is discussed with reference to the services offered by ITSO (Integrated Transport Smartcard Organisation).