English title: Cooperative Systems Stakeholder Analysis. This report presents the results of a stakeholder analysis which has been performed by the EasyWay Cooperative Systems Task Force. The stakeholder analysis aims at identifying potential roles of the road operator in the operation process of selected cooperative services and describing expectations and aspirations related to the future roles and responsibilities from a European road operator’s point of view. The following cooperative services have been considered in the stakeholder analysis: Hazardous location notification, Traffic jam ahead warning, Road works warning, Automatic access control and Parking management. The stakeholder analysis used findings from previous projects and performed own studies based on desk research and expert assessments which were carried out by the task partners. The approach includes the development of high-level descriptions showing functional schemes of the operational process chains and potential roles / responsibilities related to the road operator. A deepened analysis was performed by assessing the functional schemes / role profiles and collecting opportunities, concerns, and success factors from a road operator’s perspective. Different options of potential role profiles have been developed for each service. It can be seen that the function scheme used for an option strongly influences the related role profile of the road operator. The involvement of the road operator in the operation process is not only a matter of process organisation, but has also to be considered when deciding on functional concepts. Cooperative services dealing with traffic information and recommendations on itineraries, especially on a regional and nationwide level, require a stronger active role of the road operator in the operation process than is the case for safety related services. Traffic information and recommended itineraries transmitted to the road users have to match up with the traffic management strategies intended by the road operator. In contrast, many of the safety related cooperative services are time-critical and the processing of these services, including the involvement of the road operator, must be kept to a minimum in order to allow high promptness of the service. The expert assessment identified expected strengths and weaknesses of the optional function schemes and role profiles from a road operator’s view. The assessment was based on a set of criteria in terms of quality of service, organisational aspects of the operation process and financial implications of the service. The overall results do not show a clear preference for a single option. The options per service, which vary in function scheme and role profile, show different strengths and weaknesses over the criteria. Functional solutions which use both WLAN communication (IEEE 802.11p) and cellular communication (GSM, UMTS, or LTE) seem to provide maximum applicability and availability. If both communication technologies are available on the in-vehicle communication platform, the system is able to flexibly adjust its mode of operation to the requirements of different services, changing traffic situations or national conditions of the road side infrastructure et cetera. The potential to select the appropriate communication technology on demand may also help to mitigate costs. Chances and opportunities of cooperative services are mainly expected with regard to road safety and traffic efficiency. The collection and exchange of traffic related data will be improved. The road operator can benefit from receiving data generated by the vehicles. Major concerns and risks are related to a possible mismatch of traffic information and routing recommendations transmitted to the road users by different service providers and different cooperative services. The effectiveness of the road operator’s traffic management strategies may be impaired if traffic information and recommended itineraries transmitted to the road users do not match up with the traffic management strategies intended by the road operator. Other concerns and risks are expected with regard to legal and liability issues, privacy of personal data, costs to the road operator’s account et cetera. A number of critical success factors have been identified and are expected to be important for a successful operation of cooperative services, exempli gratia agreements on guidelines and strategies for route guidance, organisational development of public private partnerships, standardisation, clarification of the legal situation, compliance with privacy requirements and awareness and acceptance of cooperative services by the target groups. (Author/publisher)
Samenvatting