Traffic mitigation ordinances have emerged as a compelling new strategy for reducing automobile congestion related to commuting. Development of the ordinance approach is rooted in a range of transportation policies and activities that have sought to achieve relief from congestion through programs and facilities intended to change the demand on the transportation system. Major activities and programs led to the traffic mitigation ordinance approach. The current status of the use of traffic mitigation ordinances to reduce traffic congestion is reported. Findings are based on a review of 24 traffic mitigation ordinances, which have been adopted or are in some stage of development in 20 jurisdictions throughout the United States. Although the state of California appears to lead the way in development and adoption of traffic mitigation ordinances, a review is also included of ordinances in Arizona, Maryland, New Jersey, Virginia, and Washington. Major components of traffic mitigation ordinances are identified and discussed and the jurisdictions' approaches for each component are compared. Traffic mitigation ordinances hold promise as a widely applicable tool for managing traffic congestion. Limited empirical evidence exists to date on the actual effectiveness of ordinances because of the limited time of their application. Some areas, such as Pleasanton, California, have demonstrated that the ordinance has been effective in maintaining reasonable traffic conditions in spite of increased development and employment. The ordinance concept appears appropriate for increased emphasis, promotion, and study.
Samenvatting