In Japan studded tyres are prohibited and in Norway, restrictions have been placed on the use of studded tyres in some larger cities. In Sweden, wear particles from pavements, tyres, brakes and winter sanding/salting, have received a lot of attention the last few years. The reason for this is that measurements have shown that these particles are the main reason that the upcoming environmental quality standard for inhalable particles (PM10)will not be reached in many cities. The problem mainly occurs during dry episodes in winter and early spring and is mainly a result of studded tyreuse and winter maintenance. A lot of new knowledge about wear particles is needed in order to develop cost-effective measures to deal with them. A great advantage is the possibility to study aerosols from each source bothseparately and in different combinations in a controlled environment. At VTI (Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute) a road simulator (PVM), previously used for pavement and tyre wear studies, is used as a wear particle generator. The PVM can be equipped with different pavements and tyres and even friction materials such as sand can be applied. The PVM can be used at speeds up to 70 km/h and the pavement can be dry or wet.Also the temperature in the hall can be regulated below zero degrees centigrade. In this paper some results from the WearTox project will be presented. The production of PM10 from two pavements worn by studded tyres and friction tyres has been studied as well as the physical and chemical properties of the wear particles produced. For the covering abstract see ITRD E143097.
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