An overview of recent applied research work in the field of transport pricing is presented in relation to the problems of the European Alpine crossings. Pricing approaches discussed include: social marginal cost pricing (SMCP); calculation of price-relevant costs and resulting price signals; level of differentiation of pricing schemes; the issue of cost recovery; and organisational issues. An alternative pricing approach to SMCP is proposed, in which transport users pay the full costs (unless there is a special public interest). This would reduce the perceived need for new infrastructure but make private sector involvement in its provision more financially attractive. The implementation of pricing approaches is discussed in relation to existing schemes involving SMCP. It is shown that the current pricing schemes in transalpine freight transport do not reflect short-run marginal social costs, neither in road or rail transport. The marginal cost pricing scenario does not lead to a substantial increase in rail transport. Switzerland would be unable to retain its high share of rail transport if SMCP were introduced. Additional pricing measures in favour of rail transport would need to be introduced to influence the modal split. The welfare implications of pricing schemes for Switzerland are discussed. The introduction of the Swiss mileage-related heavy vehicle tax has reduced such traffic by 4% compared with growth rates of 5-6%, and encouraged take-up of low emission vehicles. SMCP is considered more appropriate for urban areas where additional infrastructure requirements are low. For the covering abstract of this conference see ITRD E128114.
Samenvatting