Nasjonal transport plan 2022-2033 features ambitious goals for Norwegian scope of bicycle traffic. Interconnected cycling networks are highlighted in several studies as effective means to increase the scope of bicycle traffic. The cycling network of Oslo consists of city routes with various cycling solutions tailored to the local environments. Bicycle boulevard are an example of these solutions with the municipality of Oslo having developed its own model. The model deviates from the national street standard as it allows for both cycling and motorized traffic. Bicycle boulevards that include motorized traffic is on the other hand more widespread in many other European countries. The neighboring Nordic countries of Norway have recently introduced new traffic signs and regulations for bicycle boulevards. Presently it is unclear whether Norway will do the same.
This study presents recommendations to the further development of Norwegian bicycle boulevards based on experiences from other European countries. The study mainly concerns itself with the Nordic countries; Denmark, Sweden, Finland and Norway. The paper includes a documentative study used to collect and analyze empirical data about bicycle boulevards. Also, the use and design of four Nordic bicycle boulevards have been researched in a comparative case study. Conversations with informants and representatives from road authorities in the Nordic countries has been used to survey why and how bicycle boulevards were included in the legislation.
The finds presented in this paper constitute the basis of the recommendations to the further development of Norwegian bicycle boulevards. In short, these recommendations propose that Norway should introduce a sign that designates bicycle boulevards which features separate traffic rules. Motorized traffic and regulations for right of way should be allowed, but bus traffic should be excluded. Parking should only take place where there are notable markings for parking spaces and the speed limit should not exceed 30 kmph. The design of the street should invite road-users to follow desired behavior and it should be made apparent that the street is a bicycle boulevard. Furthermore, bicycle boulevards should be set up where there is a potential for high volumes of bicycle traffic, and where cyclists are – or may become – the dominant traffic group.
Introducing bicycle boulevards that allows for motorized traffic will augment the tool kits of Norwegian traffic planners. The solution is efficient with respect to area and may promote cycling in mixed traffic and advance the development of interconnected cycling networks. For these reasons, bicycle boulevards with motorized traffic may become an important means to realize the ambitious goals included in Nasjonal transport plan.