Theoretical analysis of expressway ramp merge controls as single-server and tandem queues. Paper presented at the 5th International Symposium on the Theory of Traffic Flow and Transportation, Berkeley, 16-18 June, 1971.

The formation of a stationary or slow-moving queue at an expressway entrance behind a slow-moving vehicle forces all the vehicle in queue to merge at low speeds. This can be improved by adding a stop, yield or stop here until ramps is clear (SHURIC) sign at sufficient distance from the ramp nose to allow high speed merging whenever visibility permits. The model developed considerably extends and generalizes some aspects of a Markov renewal of a gap-acceptance entrance ramp controller.