The Traffic Injury Research Foundation USA, Inc. (TIRF USA) in partnership with the Association of Ignition Interlock Program Administrators (AIIPA) and TIRF in Canada conducted a national survey of the number of installed and active ignition interlocks in the United States in 2014 and 2015 from January 1st, 2015 through August 31st, 2015. These data provide a comprehensive picture of interlock installations across the United States (U.S.) and are a useful benchmark for state ignition interlock program administrators and the impaired driving community to measure interlock usage and growth in interlock programs on an annual basis. Annual state interlock survey reports were initially compiled by Dr. Richard Roth of IMPACT DWI Inc. This current survey by TIRF USA continues to build on the work of Dr. Roth and further strengthens data collection to provide greater insight into installation rates with an augmented data collection strategy. Despite considerable progress in reducing impaired driving in the past two decades, continued attention is needed to achieve further progress. According to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Uniform Crime Reports (UCR), there were 1,117,852 DWI1 arrests in 2014. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) reported 9,967 alcohol-impaired driving fatalities in 2014 which accounted for 31% of total fatalities. Interlock programs have proven to reduce the incidence of impaired driving while the interlock is installed in the vehicle. Increasing program participation is paramount to reduce impaired driving fatalities and injuries. A NHTSA study of 28 state interlock programs revealed that there were eight interlock program keys which may increase interlock use. The key that was found to have the highest correlation with increasing interlock use was implementing a strong interlock requirement and/or incentive in legislation or policy. As of January 2016, 26 states (Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Illinois, Kansas, Louisiana, Maine, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington and West Virginia) and four California counties require all alcohol-impaired driving offenders including first offenders, to install an interlock. An additional 13 states (Florida, Iowa, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Rhode Island, South Carolina and Wisconsin and Wyoming) require interlocks for offenders with a high blood alcohol concentration (BAC) (usually 0.15% or higher) and for repeat offenders, six states (California, Georgia, Idaho, Massachusetts, Ohio and Pennsylvania) require devices only for repeat offenders, and one state (Nevada) requires them only for high-BAC offenders. Finally, four states (Indiana, North Dakota, South Dakota and Montana) and D.C. do not have mandatory interlock requirements. (Author/publisher)
Samenvatting