Towards an understanding of the social implications of user pay : social implications of user pay.

This paper was presented at the "User pay : transportation funding issues for the millennium" workshop. These proceedings are available on CD-ROM. While much research has been conducted into the economic impacts of having users pay more directly and completely for the costs of mobility, the social implications of such a system are relatively unexplored. We begin to address this gap by identifying four parameters that could be used to assess the range of social impacts in transportation policy. These include distributional equity, sustainability, fairness, and political impact. (A)