This study was commissioned jointly by London Transport (LT) and the Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions (DETR). The objective of this research was to find real world examples of highway capacity reduction or reallocation where monitoring and surveys have taken place. Evidence from over 100 places has been studied, with over 60 case studies from locations in UK, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden, Norway, the USA, Canada, Tasmania and Japan. The UK studies include major town centre traffic schemes (e.g. Cambridge, Edinburgh, Wolverhampton, City of London); bus priority measures (e.g. Belfast, Bristol, Cardiff, Oxford, London); and bridge closures (e.g. London Tower bridge, Westminster, Hammersmith,York Lendal Bridge). Available evidence shows great variability of results, in terms of traffic reduction, affected by extreme cases, but excluding exceptional cases overall reductions of 16% of traffic on treated roads or areas were found. There is a companion volume to this report, by MVA Ltd entitled: "Traffic impact of highway capacity reductions: report on modelling, published by Landor Publishing, 1998 (see C 12275 (IRRD 895027).
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