TramTrain systems link urban tramways with the regional heavy rail network around cities. The different types of TramTrain and TrainTram systems are described. The successes and weaknesses of the early Karlsruhe and Saarbruecken systems in Germany are discussed. Tables are given of the cities/regions that carried out feasibility studies and/or cost-benefit analyses of TramTrain systems in 1993-1997 (first wave cities) and since 1997 (second generation cities). The progress of TramTrain systems in some of these cities is discussed. The reason why there are only a few implemented TramTrain projects today is considered. A checklist of criteria was developed toevaluate the potential success of a TramTrain system. The 50 criteria relate to generic features, institutional context, urban and regional characteristics, public transport characteristics, technical issues, and costs and cost comparisons. The criteria were used to rate six existing and six potential TramTrain cities. For the covering entry of this conference pleasesee ITRD E132365
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