Transport and the environment in major cities.

This paper reviews the attitude to traffic- induced environmental problems in urban areas in the United Kingdom, and draws comparisons both with the assessments made in 'Traffic in Towns' and with current initiatives in Continental Europe. It reviews the types of environmental problems which have been identified in recent policy documents, and the research which has been conducted into their causes and effects and argues that more work is needed, particularly on the environment as perceived by pedestrians in urban areas. It considers the types of environmental traffic management measure adopted in the UK and argues for a more positive approach to the design and implementation of environmental management measures.