The construction of metro in Copenhagen started in 1994 and the first phase was opened for operation in October 2002. The route connected the island of Sjælland, where the city centre is located, with the island of Amager to the south with two lines. Metro line 1 runs to a new town Ørestad, in the west Amager and metro line 2 runs to Lergravsparken, in the east Amager. In 2003 the metro was extended in its second phase, which opened in two parts. In phase 2a, opened in May, the metro lines 1 and 2 were extended on the Sjælland side from the Nørreport station to Frederiksberg. In phase 2b, opened in October, the metro was further extended from Frederiksberg to Vanløse. The metro's phase 3 is still in construction (planned to be opened in 2007) where line 2 is extended from the Lergravsparken station to the Copenhagen International Airport in Kastrup. Political negotiations for yet another extension of the Copenhagen metro took place in the end of 2005. According to the agreement, by the year 2017 the Metro City Ring will be built, connecting the main parts of the inner city. The metro's network in 2017 together with the Copenhagen S-train network will be so detailed that approximately 85% of the city's dwellings, working and education places will have less than 10 min walk to the nearest train/metro station. The construction of metro in the capital endorses local regeneration of public transport (shift of car users and the effect of induced traffic, e.g., increase in shopping activities, and thus reducing road congestion. The metro also influences the planning of travellers' daily activities. A before-and-after study had followed the construction of phases 1, 2a and 2b. The focus of the study was on measuring the changes in travel behaviour among the population in Copenhagen caused by the construction of the metro. Three screen lines and two catchment areas were defined in the study. The first screen line was defined by the channel between the Sjælland and Amager islands, i.e. Harbour channel. The other two screen lines were defined in the Frederiksberg area. Catchment areas were defined in a 500 m radius around two metro stations, i.e. Lergravsparken and Frederiksberg. For the covering abstract see ITRD E135582.
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