A travel-to-work survey of 3000 people was carried out in 1978 in an inner and two outer areas of Manchester. Results of the survey suggest that there is a complex set of interactions between demographic and socioeconomic factors and travel-to-work behaviour. Men worked in better paid jobs and had high levels of licence holding (63.7 per cent had a full driving licence), vehicle ownership (50.8 per cent) and car use (44.4 per cent drove to work). men travelled longer distances (5.8 miles) than women (2.9 miles). women worked mainly in the lower segs, 23.7 per cent had a full driving licence, 13.2 per cent owned a vehicle, 12.2 per cent drove to work, few had access to a household vehicle and two thirds travelled by bus or walked to work. Young workers (16 to 19 year olds) had low levels of personal mobility (only 5.3 per cent drove to work). as workers progressed through the early stages of their careers, there was an increase in income, licence holding, vehicle ownership and car use. During the stages of marriage, child-bearing and household formation, women tend to drop out of the labour market and on re-entry, many took up part-time jobs. Part-timers worked in less skilled jobs; their median travel distance was 1.5 miles and 42.7 per cent walked to work. (Author/publisher)
Samenvatting