Traffic channelization devices have a long history of use on highways as a means to separate vehicular traffic or to accommodate smooth traffic flow. These devices have found new applications as safety measures at highway-rail grade crossings. Studies on driver behavior at grade crossings indicate that a strong correlation exists between violations of the crossing warning devices and collisions. Deterring the risky behavior of driving around a lowered gate makes the grade crossing a safer environment. The U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) promotes the use of traffic channelization devices at highway-rail grade crossings with active warning devices, where applicable. The traffic channelization devices provide a proven safety benefit without the same hindrances to mobility that occur with crossing closure or the costs associated with four-quadrant gate systems. Median barriers that meet the criteria within the Final Rule on the Use of Locomotive Horns at Highway-Rail Grade Crossings are approved supplemental safety measures for the establishment of a quiet zone. Many studies have been performed at locations where driver violations occurred at highway-rail grade crossings and after installation of channelization devices at these locations; a significant reduction in driver violations occurred. The purpose of this research is to provide information about the use of traffic channelizing devices at highway-rail grade crossings. It includes a survey of the types of installations available, considerations for design, quiet zones, and special circumstances, as well as a discussion on the effectiveness of traffic channelization devices at improving safety at highway-rail grade crossings. (Author/publisher)
Samenvatting